نال عبد اللطيف الطيباوي درجَتَهُ في التاريخ من الجامعة الأمريكيّة في بيروت. ألّف كتباً عديدة قبل أن توافيه المنيّة عام ١٩٨١، من هذه الكتب "تاريخٌ حديث لسوريّا بما فيها لبنان وفلسطين" الصادر عام ١٩٦٩ عن التاريخ السياسي للإقليم بدايةً من حملة ناپّوليون على مصر وجنوب سوريّا عام ١٧٩٨ ونهايةً بحرب حزيران ١٩٦٧. يتجاوز طول الكتاب ٤٠٠ صفحة لا أنوي تلخيصها ولا التعليق عليها وإنّما نقل أفكار الكاتب من خلال كلماتِهِ بأمانة مع التركيز على بعض المواضيع التي تُخالِف وجهةُ نظرِهِ فيها الدراسات التاريخيّة التقليديّة خصوصاً الغربيّة منها. لن أتعرّض لكثيرٍ من المواضيع التي أهرق فيها من الحبر ما هو أكثر من الكفاية إلّا ضمن أضيق الحدود. تجدر الإشارة أنّ مفهوم الكاتب لسوريّا جغرافي بالدرجة الأولى.
Tuesday, March 29, 2016
عبد اللطيف الطيباوي وتاريخ سوريّا الحديث
Monday, March 28, 2016
Salon d’une maison de Damas
Lortet, Louis 1836-1909
Paris Hachette 1880-1882
Le Tour du Monde
Véranda (liwân) d’une maison de Damas
Lortet, Louis 1836-1909
Paris Hachette 1880-1882
Le Tour du Monde
Sunday, March 27, 2016
Estrade dans un jardin de Damas
Lortet, Louis 1836-1909
Paris Hachette 1880-1882
Le Tour du Monde
Sunday, March 20, 2016
Between Fez and Fedora
The fez was an innovation introduced under the Ottoman Sultan Maḥmūd II (1808-1839), who might as well be considered the Atatürk of the 19th century. During his reign, efforts were made to modernize the ailing empire and catch up with the rising West. The Janissaries were exterminated, administrative reforms were introduced, and the European dress was encouraged, with the fez replacing the traditional turban. Unluckily for Maḥmūd, he had to face the Wahhābī menace, Greece's revolt, and—most alarmingly—the ambitions of his vassal Muḥammad ʿAlī, Egypt's formidable governor. Egypt became independent in all but name, and Cairo morphed into a new Constantinople.
A century later it was the turn of Atatürk to implement more drastic measures aimed at reinvigorating a war-torn Turkey. His purpose was to make the new republic part of Europe at the expense of its oriental heritage, and for that he spared no measure, however draconian. The alphabet changed from Arabic to Latin, the fez was banned and replaced by the fedora hat, etc. Ataturk's relation with Islam was nevertheless ambiguous at best. It is true that he did his best to marginalize the role of religion and ʿulamāʾ in modern Turkey, but it also remains undeniable that his age witnessed the evacuation of the vast majority of Christians—suddenly deemed "Greeks"—from Asia Minor. Not to be outdone by "secular" Turkey, Greece rid itself of its Muslim "Turks."